The past decade has seen an explosion of evidence linking the performance of physical activity and purposeful exercise with the reduction of risk of several general type of cancer (e.g., breast, prostate, colon, endometrium, and possibly pancreatic cancer). Also, cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., oxygen consumption or metabolic equivalents of task) has been repeatedly shown to have an inverse relationship to these types of cancer where high fitness is related to a risk reduction. And emerging data is suggesting that physical activity, along with other modifiable risk factors, may improve the risk of cancer recurrence and survival (1). This information

ABSTRACT

Background

Randomized controlled trials have highlighted the importance of exercise training on the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze the data from these studies on the severity of OSA indices as measured by formal polysomnography. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effect of exercise on oxygen desaturation index, body mass index and several metabolic parameters associated with OSA.

Methods

Two independent reviewers and an experienced librarian searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases from January 1, 2000, to October 21, 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the impact of exercise training on OSA severity. Pre-exercise and postexercise training data on the primary and secondary objectives were extracted.

Results

A total of 11 randomized controlled trials (533 study participants) were identified based on the inclusion criteria. The mean pre-exercise and postexercise reduction in apnea hypopnea index was −6.94 event per hour (95% confidence interval [CI]: −10.74 to −3.13, I² = 84%). The mean changes in oxygen desaturation index and body mass index were −5.32 events per hour (95% CI: −9.65 to −0.99, I² = 73%) and −1.21 kg·m⁻² (95% CI: −1.80 to −0.62, I² = 49%) respectively.

Conclusion

In adult patients with OSA, exercise training was associated with statistically significant reduction in OSA severity.

ABSTRACT

Background

To investigate the effect of a virtual feedback environment on compliance to prescribed session exercise load and to understand the user experience related to exercise participation.

Methods

Adult clients referred to an exercise physiology clinic wore a heart rate monitor while performing prescribed exercise twice per week over 2 intervention blocks of 2 weeks each. Participants undertook aerobic exercise both with and without a virtual feedback environment in random order. Compliance to prescribed exercise was assessed as heart rate relative to prescribed levels both within and across sessions. Participants reported average pain and rating of perceived exertion for the session and completed the PACES-8 enjoyment of exercise questionnaire at session completion. Treatment effects were assessed longitudinally using mixed-effects linear regression. At study completion, 2 focus groups (n = 12) were conducted and reported using thematic analysis.

Results

Participants (n = 14) demonstrated higher mean compliance to prescribed exercise under the treatment (101 ± 10%) compared to control (50 ± 10%) condition (MD = 51%; 95% CI: 21–80; P = 0.001). Similar scores were observed under both the treatment and control conditions for rating of perceived exertion (12.3 vs. 12.2: P = 0.86), pain (2.37 vs. 0.85: P = 0.29), and enjoyment of exercise (41.2 vs. 38.6: P = 0.49). Focus groups identified themes related to biofeedback, interactivity and engagement, goal setting, and the visual environment.

Conclusion

Immersive feedback technologies can be effective to assist individuals with chronic clinical conditions to perform aerobic exercise within prescribed intensity ranges. Wide acceptability requires linking the exercise modality to the immersive environment and developing clear and meaningful goals.

ABSTRACT

Background

Exercise training mitigates some adverse side effects (i.e. fatigue, nausea) of chemotherapy. However, many patients with cancer do not participate in regular exercise due to these adverse side effects as well as other common barriers (e.g. access, time, motivation). This brief report describes the physiological response during a low level cycle ergometry exercise, performed while patients were receiving their chemotherapy infusion. Additionally, the frequency of clinical events following exercise infusion was reported.

Methods

Breast cancer patients (n = 14, mean age = 54) who were currently participating in the Exercise and Cancer Integrative Therapies Education Program (ExCITE) at Henry Ford Hospital were asked to perform self-selected light intensity exercise on a portable leg ergometry machine (Monarck) while receiving chemotherapy. Heart rate during exercise infusion was maintained approximately at 30–40% of heart rate reserve. Differences in adverse clinical events following the exercise-infusion sessions were compared to standard infusion only visits (no exercise) using a Pearson Chi-Square test.

Results

These 5 patients underwent 17 chemotherapy infusions during exercise i. Participants tolerated the exercise during infusion with no adverse events completing an average duration of 16.4 + 6.2 minutes at a work rate of 18 + 6 W and an exercise heart rate 24 beats above rest. Additionally, there were fewer reported adverse clinical events following exercise infusion compared to infusion alone (12% vs. 53%; P = 0.002).

Conclusion

These preliminary data indicate that performing light-intensity exercise during chemotherapy infusion can be well tolerated in select patients. Further research is needed to further assess safety and if an exercise during chemotherapy may have any clinical benefit.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Arterial Health in Adults With Down Syndrome

Brantley K. BallengerPhD, ACSM-CEP,

Stanley P. BrownPhD,

Bo FernhallPhD,

Robert W. MotlPhD, and

Stamatis AgiovlasitisPhD, ACSM-CEP

Inserting Clinical Exercise Physiology Into the Continuum of Cancer Care

Impact of Exercise Training on Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials

ABSTRACT

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Virtual Feedback for Compliance to Prescribed Exercise: A Randomized Crossover Trial

ABSTRACT

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Low-Level Exercise During Chemotherapy Infusion: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

A Systematic Review of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Testing in Major Depression

ABSTRACT

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Response to Moderate and Vigorous Aerobic/Resistance Exercise in a Woman With Long-COVID

PATIENT BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Arterial Health in Adults With Down Syndrome

Health Care Professionals’ Promotion of Exercise Referral Schemes in New South Wales

Enrolling Patients With Claudication into Supervised Exercise Therapy: A Single-Center Experience

Farewell, but Not Goodbye

Feasibility of Noninvasive Diastolic Stress Testing in the 10- to 21-Year-Old Age Group